Cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom sim cov khoom siv niaj hnub los nrhiav cov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv tus kabmob coronavirus.Cov hnab hauv ncoo, pajamas flannel thiab origami lub hnab nqus tsev yog txhua tus neeg sib tw.
Tam sim no tsoomfwv saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv pom zoo kom siv ntaub los npog lub ntsej muag thaum muaj tus kabmob coronavirus.Tab sis cov khoom twg muab kev tiv thaiv tshaj plaws?
Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob thiab Tiv Thaiv tau tso tawm cov qauv npog ntsej muag uas tsis muaj qhov sib txuam ua los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab kas fes lim, nrog rau cov yeeb yaj kiab hais txog kev ua lub ntsej muag siv cov hlua khi roj hmab thiab cov ntaub qhwv hauv tsev.
Txawm hais tias daim npog ntsej muag yooj yim tuaj yeem txo qis kev kis tus kabmob coronavirus los ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov kab mob txawv teb chaws los ntawm kev hnoos lossis txham ntawm tus neeg muaj tus kabmob, cov kws tshaj lij hais tias qhov uas lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tus neeg hnav los ntawm cov kab mob yog nyob ntawm qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom sib deev thiab zoo.Cov ntaub ntawv siv.
Cov kws tshawb fawb thoob plaws lub tebchaws tau teeb tsa los txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv niaj hnub uas tuaj yeem lim cov khoom siv microscopic zoo dua.Hauv kev sim tsis ntev los no, HEPA lub qhov cub lim, lub hnab nqus tsev vacuum, 600 lub tog hauv ncoo thiab cov ntaub zoo li flannel pajamas tau qhab nia siab.Stacked kas fes lim tau qhab nia nruab nrab.Scarf thiab handkerchief cov ntaub ntawv tau qhab nia qis tshaj plaws, tab sis tseem ntes tau me me ntawm cov khoom.
Yog tias koj tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv sim, qhov kev sim teeb pom kev yooj yim tuaj yeem pab koj txiav txim siab seb cov ntaub yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau lub ntsej muag.
Dr. Scott Segal, tus thawj coj ntawm kev tshuaj loog ntawm Wake Forest Baptist Health, tau hais tias: "Cia li tso rau hauv qab lub teeb ci," nws tsis ntev los no nws tau kawm lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg hauv tsev."Yog tias lub teeb dhau los ntawm fiber ntau yooj yim thiab koj tuaj yeem pom cov fiber ntau, ces nws tsis yog ntaub zoo.Yog tias koj woven nrog cov khoom tuab thiab lub teeb tsis dhau los ntawm qhov ntau, qhov ntawd yog qhov koj xav siv cov khoom. "
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias kev tshawb fawb hauv chav kuaj tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo kawg nkaus uas tsis muaj qhov xau lossis qhov khoob ntawm lub npog ntsej muag, tab sis txoj kev sim muab peb txoj hauv kev los sib piv cov ntaub ntawv.Txawm hais tias qhov kev lim dej ntawm qee lub ntsej muag hauv tsev zoo li qis, peb feem ntau (nyob hauv tsev thiab kev nyob sib nrug deb ntawm pej xeem) tsis xav tau kev tiv thaiv qib siab ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob xav tau.Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, txhua lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag zoo dua li tsis muaj lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias ib tus neeg tau kis tus kab mob tab sis tsis paub tus kab mob hnav.
Qhov kev sib tw loj tshaj plaws hauv kev xaiv cov khoom siv lub ntsej muag tus kheej yog nrhiav cov ntaub uas tuab txaus los ntes cov kab mob, tseem ua pa thiab txaus hnav.Qee yam khoom uas tau tshaj tawm hauv Is Taws Nem muaj cov qhab nia siab pom, tab sis cov khoom no yuav tsis hnav.
Wang Wang, tus pab xibfwb ntawm ib puag ncig engineering ntawm Missouri University of Science thiab Technology, tau ua haujlwm nrog nws cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav kev sib txuas ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv, suav nrog cov lim cua thiab cov ntaub.Dr. Wang tau hais tias: "Koj xav tau ib yam khoom uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm tau zoo, tab sis koj kuj yuav tsum ua pa."Dr. Wang yeej qhov International Aerosol Research Award lub caij nplooj zeeg kawg.
Txhawm rau kuaj cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub, cov kws tshawb fawb siv cov txheej txheem zoo ib yam li siv los kuaj lub ntsej muag kho mob, thiab txhua tus pom zoo tias cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob uas raug tus kab mob ntau npaum li cas los ntawm kev mus ntsib cov neeg mob yuav tsum raug zam los ntawm cov nuj nqis.Qhov ncauj qhov ntswg kho mob zoo tshaj plaws-hu ua N95 gas qhov ncauj qhov ntswg- lim tawm tsawg kawg 95% ntawm cov khoom me me li 0.3 microns.Nyob rau hauv sib piv, ib tug raug phais daim npog qhov ncauj (tsim siv ib daim duab pleated ntaub nrog elastic qhwv ntsej) muaj ib tug pom efficiency ntawm 60% mus rau 80%.
Dr. Wang pab neeg tau sim ob hom lim cua.HVAC lim uas txo cov kev ua xua ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws, nrog rau ib txheej ntes 89% ntawm cov khoom thiab ob txheej ntes 94% ntawm cov khoom.Lub tshuab nqus tsev lim ntes 75% ntawm cov dej hauv ob txheej, tab sis nws yuav siv rau txheej kom ncav cuag 95%.Txhawm rau nrhiav cov lim zoo ib yam li qhov kev sim, nrhiav qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kev tshaj tawm tus nqi (MERV) qhov ntsuas ntawm 12 lossis siab dua, lossis qhov ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm 1900 lossis siab dua.
Qhov teeb meem nrog cov lim cua yog tias lawv tuaj yeem tso cov fibers me me uas tuaj yeem nqus tau qhov txaus ntshai.Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj xav siv lub lim, koj yuav tsum tau muab cov lim dej ntawm ob txheej ntawm cov paj rwb ntaub.Dr. Wang tau hais tias ib tus ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais kawm tiav tau ua nws tus kheej lub npog ntsej muag raws li cov lus qhia hauv CDC video, tab sis ntxiv ob peb txheej ntawm cov khoom siv lim dej rau lub square scarf.
Dr. Wang pab neeg kuj pom tias thaum siv cov ntaub uas siv los siv, ob txheej muab kev tiv thaiv tsawg dua li plaub.600-xov xov suav hauv ncoo tuaj yeem ntes 22% ntawm cov khoom thaum muab ob npaug, tab sis plaub txheej tuaj yeem ntes ze li 60% ntawm cov khoom.Cov phuam qhwv caj dab tuab 21% ntawm cov khoom hauv ob txheej thiab 48.8% ntawm cov khoom hauv plaub txheej.100% paj rwb handkerchief ua qhov phem tshaj, accounting tsuas yog 18.2% thaum muab ob npaug rau, thiab tsuas yog 19.5% rau plaub txheej.
Pab pawg kuj tau sim Brew Rite thiab Natural Brew pob tawb kas fes lim.Thaum cov ntxaij lim dej kas fes tau muab tso rau hauv peb txheej, qhov pom kev ua haujlwm yog 40% mus rau 50%, tab sis lawv cov huab cua permeability qis dua lwm cov kev xaiv.
Yog tias koj muaj hmoo txaus kom paub txog lub quilt, thov kom lawv ua daim npog ntsej muag rau koj.Kev ntsuam xyuas tau ua ntawm Wake Forest Regenerative Medicine Institute hauv Winston Salem, North Carolina, pom tias cov npog ntsej muag hauv tsev ua nrog siv cov ntaub stitched ua haujlwm zoo.Dr. Segal ntawm Wake Forest Baptist Sanitation, uas yog tus saib xyuas ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb no, tau taw qhia tias quilts nyiam siv cov paj rwb zoo, suav nrog.Hauv nws txoj kev tshawb fawb, lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg zoo tshaj plaws hauv tsev yog zoo li lub ntsej muag phais, lossis zoo dua me ntsis, thiab qhov kev kuaj pom yog 70% txog 79%.Dr. Segal tau hais tias qhov pom tus nqi ntawm lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg hauv tsev siv cov ntaub flammable yog tsawg li 1%.
Cov qauv tsim ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog cov npog ntsej muag ua los ntawm ob txheej ntawm cov khoom hnyav hnyav "quilt paj rwb", ob-txheej qhov ncauj qhov ntswg ua los ntawm cov ntaub batik tuab, thiab cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm flannel thiab txheej txheej.Ob-txheej daim npog qhov ncauj.paj rwb.
Bonnie Browning, tus thawj coj ntawm American Sewing Manufacturers Association, hais tias quilts nyiam nruj woven paj rwb thiab batik fabrics, uas yuav sawv thaum lub sij hawm.Ms. Browning tau hais tias feem ntau cov tshuab xaws tsuas tuaj yeem tuav ob txheej ntawm cov ntaub thaum ua lub ntsej muag pleated, tab sis cov neeg uas xav tau plaub txheej tiv thaiv tuaj yeem hnav ob lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg ib zaug.
Ms. Browning tau hais tias tsis ntev los no nws tau ntsib nrog lub quilt hauv Facebook thiab hnov ​​​​cov suab ntawm 71 tus neeg, uas tau ua ze li ntawm 15,000 daim npog qhov ncauj.Ms. Browning, uas nyob hauv Paducah, Kentucky, hais tias: "Peb lub tshuab xaws yog qhov nyuaj heev."Ib yam ntawm peb feem ntau muaj yog zais ntaub.
Cov neeg uas tsis xaws tuaj yeem sim lub npog ntsej muag origami uas tsim los ntawm Jiang Wu Wu, tus pab xibfwb ntawm kev tsim sab hauv ntawm Indiana University.Ms. Wu paub txog nws cov duab kos duab zoo nkauj heev.Nws hais tias txij li thaum nws tus tij laug tau hais tawm hauv Hong Kong (feem ntau thaum hnav lub npog ntsej muag), nws pib tsim hom folding nrog cov khoom siv kho mob thiab kev tsim kho hu ua Tyvek thiab lub hnab nqus tsev.Qhov ncauj qhov ntswg.nws.(DuPont, lub chaw tsim khoom ntawm Tyvek, tau hais hauv nqe lus hais tias Tyvek tau tsim los rau cov khaub ncaws kho mob ntau dua li qhov ncauj qhov ntswg.) Cov qauv ntsej muag foldable muaj nyob online dawb, thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab qhia txog txheej txheem folding.Hauv kev sim ua los ntawm University of Missouri thiab University of Virginia, cov kws tshawb fawb pom tias lub hnab nqus tau tshem tawm 60% mus rau 87% ntawm cov khoom.Txawm li cas los xij, qee lub npe ntawm lub hnab nqus tsev yuav muaj fiberglass lossis ua pa nyuaj dua li lwm cov ntaub ntawv, yog li lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv.Ms. Wu siv lub hnab los ntawm EnviroCare Technologies.Lub tuam txhab tau hais tias nws tsis siv iav fiber ntau hauv nws cov hnab ntawv thiab cov hnab hluavtaws fiber ntau.
Ms. Wu tau hais tias: "Kuv xav tsim kev xaiv rau cov neeg uas tsis xaws," nws hais.Nws tab tom tham nrog ntau pab pawg txhawm rau nrhiav lwm cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv daim npog ntsej muag."Raws li qhov tsis txaus ntawm ntau yam khoom siv, txawm tias lub hnab nqus tsev yuav khiav tawm."
Tus qauv tuab siv los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ua qhov ntsuas yog 0.3 microns vim tias qhov no yog cov qauv ntsuas siv los ntawm National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health rau lub ntsej muag kho mob.
Linsey Marr, tus kws tshawb fawb aerosol ntawm Virginia Tech thiab tus kws tshaj lij kis tus kab mob, tau hais tias txoj kev lees paub rau lub tshuab ua pa thiab HEPA cov ntxaij lim dej tsom rau 0.3 microns, vim hais tias qhov me me no yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws rau kev ntes.Nws tau hais tias txawm hais tias nws yuav zoo li tsis zoo, cov khoom me dua 0.1 micron yog qhov yooj yim rau kev ntes vim tias lawv muaj ntau qhov sib txawv txav uas ua rau lawv ntaus cov lim fibers.
"Txawm hais tias tus kabmob coronavirus yog li 0.1 microns, nws yuav ntab rau ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg txij li 0.2 mus rau ntau pua microns.Qhov no yog vim tib neeg tso tus kab mob los ntawm cov kua ua pa, uas kuj muaj ntsev ntau.Proteins thiab lwm yam tshuaj, "Dr. Marr, txawm tias cov dej hauv cov tee dej evaporates tag nrho, tseem muaj ntsev ntau, thiab cov proteins thiab lwm yam khoom seem tseem nyob hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom los yog cov khoom zoo li gel.Kuv xav tias 0.3 microns tseem muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev taw qhia vim tias qhov kev pom tsawg kawg nkaus yuav nyob ib puag ncig qhov loj me, uas yog qhov NIOSH siv.”